X-rays expected from supernova 1987A compared with the source discovered by the Ginga satellite
Abstract
The X-ray astronomy satellite Ginga has detected X-rays from the region of supernova 1987 A1. The location and hard spectrum of this X-ray source make it a strong candidate for SN1987A1,2. Among the possible mechanisms of X-ray emission from SN1987A3,4, including the collision of the ejecta with circumstellar matter, non-thermal radiation from a pulsar, is Compton scattering of monoenergetic γ-rays from the radioactive decay 56Ni-->56Co--> 56Fe (refs 3, 5-7). It is clear that radioactive decays are powering the optical emission of SN1987A because its luminosity is now declining exponentially with the 56Co decay rate8,9. We have constructed hydrodynamic models of SN1987A and calculated the optical light curve and the X-ray light curve and spectrum from 56Co decay. For the optical light curve, the model agrees better with the observations if some 56Co is mixed into outer layers rather than being confined to the deepest layer of the ejecta. Such mixing has much larger effects on the X-ray light curve. Without the mixing of 56Co, X-rays would not be observable by Ginga until ~250 d after the explosion. With mixing the X-rays emerge much earlier. X-ray emission from radioactive decay may therefore qualitatively account for the hard component of X-rays from SN1987A observed by Ginga, if 56Co has been mixed into the outer layers. The soft component of the spectrum cannot be explained by the radioactive model and must be due to another mechanism.
- Publication:
-
Nature
- Pub Date:
- November 1987
- DOI:
- 10.1038/330233a0
- Bibcode:
- 1987Natur.330..233I
- Keywords:
-
- Ginga Satellite;
- Japanese Spacecraft;
- Spaceborne Telescopes;
- Stellar Models;
- Supernova 1987a;
- X Ray Sources;
- Compton Effect;
- Magnetohydrodynamic Stability;
- Radioactive Decay;
- Spectral Energy Distribution;
- Stellar Envelopes;
- Supernova Remnants;
- Astrophysics